Improvement in carriage-axles



A.TE. SMITH.

Carriage Axle.

No. 105,266. l Patented July 12, 1870.

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Letters .Patent No. 105,266, dated July 12, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN' CARRIAGE-AXLES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED E. SMITH, of Bronxvillc, in the county of Westchester and State of N ew York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carriage-Axles 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description o'f the same, suflcient to enable any one skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make, construct, and use the same, reference being had to the. accompanying drawing'forming part ot' this specification, in which drawing-l Figure 1 represents a longitudinal central section of my improved axle, with my improved compensating nut and metallic washer. f

Figure 2 is a central longitudinal section of' my improved axle and box, with an ordinary nut attached, while l Figure 3 is a central sect-ion of an axle-nut carry- 'ing a metallic washer.

Nature and Object of 'this Intention.

as carriage-axles, and it consists in making an axle in such a manner that the-usual shoulder or collar formed ou the axle is dispensed with, the shoulder or collar being formed at the t'ront of the journal, either of an anguiar, concave, convex, or flat formation.

` Also, informing in the front end of an axle-box, a diaphragm or ledge, of an angular, convex, concave, or tlat formation, in order that said parts may correspond to and frcelyrevolve upon an axle-a rm, the collar or shoulder of which'is formed at the root of the axlenib, in such a manner as to make a substantial resistance to the axle-arm entering the box any further than the said shoulder at the root ofthe nib allows.

Also, in securing to an axle-nut a metallic washer, in such a manner that said washer cannotbecome detached and lost when the nutis taken oli of the axlenib.A

Also, in making the rear portion of the journal larger than the stock or square part of the axle, so

`that the said journal will be stronger, and it' any break- D, a compensating axle-nut, carrying a metallic' washer, G, while D', tig. 2, is a nut ot the usual construction. lhe axle-spindle or journal Ais formed with a groove or channel, extending more or less its entire length; said groove or channel may be spilally or otherwise formed, if it be desired.

This spindle or journal A is madevof aslightlytapering form, from the rear to a collar or shoulder.`

formed at the front end of the spindle, as shownin tig. l, or it may be made of equal diameterits entire length, as clearly shown in lig. 2.

F is the collar or shoulder of the axle, formed upon the front part ofthe axle-journal A,"and islmade either of an angular, concave, convex, tion, clearly shown in igs. 1 and .l.k A

B is the axle-box of the ordinary'-construction, with the exception that its front ei1d,'ox'1' the inside, is made.

with a diaphragm or ledge, either of an angular, [con- Vex, concave, or-iat form, so as to freely revolve upon the angular, concave, convex, or dat portion of the axle-journal, at the same time making'a substantial resistanceto the tendency of the axle' going any further iuto the axle-box than lthe shoulder or collar atv the root of the nib will alloi A f It will also be noticed 1 that .the usual cumbersome flanges or concavity in the rearot' the axle-box, which'.

hitherto revlved upon the shoulder or collar'formed,"

in the rear ot' the journal, is dispensed with, as is'likewisc the use of the collar.

is the nib of the axle-journal or spindlefupou. which a threaded nut is placed to secure the anle-b'okf'- upon the `journal or spindle.

Ixrfg. 1 it is shown as being formed dat or cnt off I) is a threaded -compensating-nut, its outer surface being either1 of a square, hexagonal, or.other suitable form, and is provided with a suitable flange, j, for a purpose referred to more fully hereinafter.

C is a metallic washer, having an opening of a round, D, or other ngular shape, made of iron, steel, or any suitable material, 4so constructed that its interior surface coincides with'the exteriorsurface of the threaded nib of the axle-journal.

. Thecircumferen'ce of this washer C is made greater than the ilangejf of the threaded nut, so thatfits outer -portion may bebent down and embrace the ilangef of the `nu'tiu such a manner that the nut carries the washer when being screwed upon. the nib of the journal A', thc uut screwing up upon the nib, while. the f Hat: forma-" 7 forg shouldV the axle break, from any cause, it will be in journal, in such a manner that the box will freely reaxle-box in place upon said journal.

washer docs not turn, on account of the angular portion of its interior surface corresponding to the angular portions of the nibE. A

Between the metallic washer and the-extreme end ofjthe axlebox is interposed a leather washer, a. A similar washer, C, is sometimes vplaced between the shoulder E of the journal and the diaphragm or ledge in the fr ont of the box, to prevent wearing ofthe metal, andalso assist the wheel to run true and steady, and prevent any noise.'

Itwll be readily seen that, by securing the metallic washer to the axle-nut, a serious objection and great annoyancev is overcome, heretofore occasioned by the liabilities of the washer often being lost or mislaidwhen the nut is taken oli' for any purpose.

Thel spindle er journal A' is made somewhat larger than theestock; or square portion of the axle A, as indicated -hy theletter 7al Heretofore the spindles or journalsfof axleshave 4been made much smaller than thestock yor squareportion; this has proved to be a serious objectiom'owing to the factthat a journal next tor'thelcollar-is the portion that generally breaks; hence lalrmjist impossible to be mended. l'

'-.' ByjQIIlaking the journal larger than the stock or square part of the axle this objectioii is overcome,

welded.,

';In,fg. 2,rth`e spindle ofthe journal ofthe axle is formed with the shoulder or collar on its front part, at or nearfthe root of the axle-nib, of a concave, convex, or 'angular form, and a nih, which uib is of the usual construction and form.

This spindle or journal isforined with any suitable oil-groove or channel.

The axle-box'B is convex, concave, or angular at its end, on the inside, so as to-correspoud with the concave, convex, or angular portion of the spindle or tliestock or square portion, a point 'easily and safely volve upon the spindle or journal. Thus the concave, convex, or angular portion of the shoulderor collar formed at the root of the axlenib olex'sa s'trong resistance to and prevents the axlejournal from entering the axle-box any further than the' shoulder or collar at the root ofthe nib will allow.

D is' the axle-nut of thejusual construct-ion, and. when sewed upon the nib of the journal retains the When an ordinary nut,with the usual nib, as shown 'in iig. 2, is used,a leather or other suitable washer may be interposed between thevnut and the end of theaxle-box, and between the inside end of the box andthe shoulder of the axle. 4fAs the shoulders become worn by wear and long use, the compensating-nut, if used, can be screwed up, thus preventing al1 rattling, and causing the-wheels to 'run true and steady.

It-will thus be seen that I'have produced a neat, cheap, substantial, and durable axle, and by dispensing with the shoulder upon the rear part of the journal, no washers are required at that point heretofore required.

I do not confine in y invention to any peculiar constructed axle-journal, as the shoulder or collar can as readily be formed n any style of axle, while the diaphrafm ori ledge can -be formed at the end on the in` side 2i' any shaped box.

Neither do I confine my invention to an axle formed with a D or, any otherangular-shaped nib, as it can as readily be applied to journals having the usual roundthreaded nib, or a hole may be drilled through thenb and a lineh-pin be used. l

My invention lies principally in forming the shoulder or collar upon the end ofthe journal, dispensing with the shoulder in the rear,wlile the box 'is made with a corresponding ledge orshoulder at its front end on .the inside thus it can be used lon any axle and with any nut.

Neither do I confine myself to a metallic washer having its opening'ot' an angular form, when said.

2. Au axle without a shoulder or collar upon the` rear part of the spindle, in combination with au axlebox having a diaphragm or ledge in the front end of the box, either of an angular, convex, concave, or dat format-ion, so as to prevent the said axle entering an'yV further in the box than the shoulder at the root ofthe nibwill allow, substantially as described.

3. An axle-nut carrying a metallic washer, when said washer-,is not an integral part of the nut, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

4. A carriage-axle so constructed that the journal part of the axle will be of a larger diameter than the stock or square portion of the axle, without a collar at the rear end, substantially as hereinl shown and described, for the purpose set forth. To the above I have signed my name this 16th day of June, 1870.

ALFRED E. SMITH.

Witnesses:

WM. H., Postr, Guo. H. LEGGETL 

